Excratory & Reproductive Systems


Purpose:

To learn the parts and functions of the organs of the reproductive and urinary systems. To identify the organs on the frog. To compare the reproductive and urinary systems of the frog with the human.

Procedure:

Use a probe to lift the intestines and liver. Use the diagram below to identify the parts of the urinary and reproductive systems. Remove the peritoneal membrane, which is connective tissue that lies on top of the red kidneys. Observe the yellow fatbodies that are attached to the kidneys. Find the ureters; the urinary bladder; the testes and sperm ducts in the male; and the ovaries, oviducts, and uteri in the female.

Data:

Reproductive System: The organs of the male reproductive system are the testes, sperm ducts, and cloaca. Those of the female system are the ovaries, oviducts, uteri, and cloaca. The testes produce sperm, or male sex cells, which move through sperm ducts, tubes that carry sperm into the cloaca, from which the sperm move outside the body. The ovaries produce eggs, or female sex cells, which move through oviducts into the uteri, then through the cloaca outside the body.

Use the Dissection Works computer program to identify each organ in the diagrams below.

Click here to get a copy to label.

Urinary System: The urinary system consists of the frog’s kidneys, ureters, bladder, and cloaca. The kidneys are organs that excrete urine. Connected to each kidney is a ureter, a tube through which urine passes into the urinary bladder, a sac that stores urine until it passes out of the body through the cloaca.

Data Table: Functions

Organ

Function

Testes

  

Sperm Duct (Vas Deferens)

  

Ovaries

  

Oviduct

  

Uteri

  

Kidneys

  

Ureters

  

Urinary Bladder

  

Cloaca

  

Analysis Questions:

  1. What reproductive and urinary structures are shared by both systems on the frog?
  2. Trace the paths of sperm in a male and eggs in a female.
  3. Trace the path of urine in both sexes.

Conclusion: What did you learn about the reproductive and urinary systems? How do the frog and human systems compare? What structures and functions are similar? Different?